Phosphoric Acid (E338) — What You Need to Know
What Is Phosphoric Acid?
Phosphoric acid is a mineral acid widely used as an acidulant in the food industry, most notably in cola-type beverages where it provides the characteristic sharp, tangy bite. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is considerably stronger than organic acids like citric acid.
What Is It Used For?
Used primarily as an acidulant in cola drinks to provide their distinctive sharp flavor. Also used as a pH adjuster in processed cheese, bottled tea, and jams.
Safety Assessment
Primarily known for its use in cola drinks, providing the characteristic sharp, tangy taste. EFSA re-evaluated phosphate additives in 2019 and set a new group tolerable daily intake. High phosphate intake from food additives has been associated with cardiovascular risk in epidemiological studies. Excess phosphorus can impair calcium absorption and contribute to bone loss, particularly concerning in adolescents who consume large amounts of cola. The 2019 EFSA opinion noted that phosphate intake from food additives may exceed the MTDI in high consumers. Linked to chronic kidney disease progression in vulnerable populations.
Based on current evidence, Phosphoric Acid is rated Caution with a score of 5/10. This is 3.8 points below the average for acidity regulators (8.8/10). Last reviewed by regulators: 2019. A typical diet provides about 1.8% of the acceptable daily intake.
Commonly Found In
Always check the label for E338 or 'Phosphoric Acid'
▶Chemical Information
Frequently Asked Questions about Phosphoric Acid
Quick Facts
- E-Number
- E338
- INS Number
- INS 338
- Category
- Acidity Regulators
- Origin
- Synthetic
- FDA Status
- GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe)
- EFSA Status
- Group MTDI of 40 mg/kg bw/day as phosphorus (for all phosphate additives, 2019 re-evaluation)
- ADI
- 40 mg/kg bw/day
- Last Review
- 2019
Quick Links
Related Additives
Other acidity regulators in the same family